Gunzip
来自 ChinaUnix Wiki
Linux命令：gunzip
功能说明：解压文件。
语 法：gunzip [-acfhlLnNqrtvV][-s <压缩字尾字符串>][文件...] 或 gunzip [-acfhlLnNqrtvV][-s <压缩字尾字符串>][目录]
补充说明：gunzip是个使用广泛的解压缩程序，它用于解开被gzip压缩过的文件，这些压缩文件预设最后的扩展名为".gz"。事实上gunzip就是gzip的硬连接，因此不论是压缩或解压缩，都可通过gzip指令单独完成。
参 数： -a或--ascii 使用ASCII文字模式。 -c或--stdout或--to-stdout 把解压后的文件输出到标准输出设备。 -f或-force 强行解开压缩文件，不理会文件名称或硬连接是否存在以及该文件是否为符号连接。 -h或--help 在线帮助。 -l或--list 列出压缩文件的相关信息。 -L或--license 显示版本与版权信息。 -n或--no-name 解压缩时，若压缩文件内含有远来的文件名称及时间戳记，则将其忽略不予处理。 -N或--name 解压缩时，若压缩文件内含有原来的文件名称及时间戳记，则将其回存到解开的文件上。 -q或--quiet 不显示警告信息。 -r或--recursive 递归处理，将指定目录下的所有文件及子目录一并处理。 -S<压缩字尾字符串>或--suffix<压缩字尾字符串> 更改压缩字尾字符串。 -t或--test 测试压缩文件是否正确无误。 -v或--verbose 显示指令执行过程。 -V或--version 显示版本信息。
英文版本，欢迎翻译：
ABOUT GZIP, GUNZIP, ZCAT
Compress or expand files.
SYNTAX
gzip [ -acdfhlLnNrtvV19 ] [-S suffix] [ name ... ] gunzip [ -acfhlLnNrtvV ] [-S suffix] [ name ... ] zcat [ -fhLV ] [ name ... ]
-a --ansii Ascii text mode: convert end-of-lines using local conventions. This option is supported only on some non-Unix systems. For MSDOS, CR LF is converted to LF when compressing, and LF is converted to CR LF when decompressing. -c --stdout --to-stdout Write output on standard output; keep original files unchanged. If there are several input files, the output consists of a sequence of independently compressed members. To obtain better compression, concatenate all input files before compressing them. -d --decompress --uncompress Decompress. -f --force Force compression or decompression even if the file has multiple links or the corresponding file already exists, or if the compressed data is read from or written to a terminal. If the input data is not in a format recognized by gzip, and if the option --stdout is also given, copy the input data without change to the standard ouput: let zcat behave as cat. If -f is not given, and when not running in the background, gzip prompts to verify whether an existing file should be overwritten. -h --help Display a help screen and quit. -l --list For each compressed file, list the following fields: compressed size: size of the compressed file uncompressed size: size of the uncompressed file ratio: compression ratio (0.0% if unknown) uncompressed_name: name of the uncompressed file
The uncompressed size is given as -1 for files not in gzip format, such as compressed .Z files. To get the uncompressed size for such a file, you can use:
zcat file.Z | wc -c
In combination with the --verbose option, the following fields are also displayed:
method: compression method crc: the 32-bit CRC of the uncompressed data date & time: time stamp for the uncompressed file
The compression methods currently supported are deflate, compress, lzh (SCO compress -H) and pack. The crc is given as ffffffff for a file not in gzip format.
With --name, the uncompressed name, date and time are those stored within the compress file if present.
With --verbose, the size totals and compression ratio for all files is also displayed, unless some sizes are unknown. With --quiet, the title and totals lines are not displayed.
-L --license Display the gzip license and quit. -n --no-name When compressing, do not save the original file name and time stamp by default. (The original name is always saved if the name had to be truncated.) When decompressing, do not restore the original file name if present (remove only the gzip suffix from the compressed file name) and do not restore the original time stamp if present (copy it from the compressed file). This option is the default when decompressing. -N --name When compressing, always save the original file name and time stamp; this is the default. When decompressing, restore the original file name and time stamp if present. This option is useful on systems which have a limit on file name length or when the time stamp has been lost after a file transfer. -q --quiet Suppress all warnings. -r --recursive Travel the directory structure recursively. If any of the file names specified on the command line are directories, gzip will descend into the directory and compress all the files it finds there (or decompress them in the case of gunzip ). -S .suf --suffix .suf Use suffix .suf instead of .gz. Any suffix can be given, but suffixes other than .z and .gz should be avoided to avoid confusion when files are transferred to other systems. A null suffix forces gunzip to try decompression on all given files regardless of suffix, as in: gunzip -S "" * (*.* for MSDOS)
Previous versions of gzip used the .z suffix. This was changed to avoid a conflict with pack.
-t --test Test. Check the compressed file integrity. -v --verbose Verbose. Display the name and percentage reduction for each file compressed or decompressed. -V --version Version. Display the version number and compilation options then quit. -# --fast --best Regulate the speed of compression using the specified digit #, where -1 or --fast indicates the fastest compression method (less compression) and -9 or --best indicates the slowest compression method (best compression). The default compression level is -6 (that is, biased towards high compression at expense of speed).
EXAMPLES
zcat myfile
uncompresses the file myfile.
